Hawai‘i Volcanoes 2016

Hawai‘i Volcanoes 2016
Each year the Geology Department at SUNY New Paltz runs an extended field excursion, usually to the western United States. This year we step off the continent to visit Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park, one of the best locations in the world to see evidence of volcanism and processes of igneous rock formation. The trip is from May 20 to 27, 2106. I, Dr. Patwardhan (KP), and associate professor Laurel Mutti form an advance team to meet with United States Geological Survey (USGS) scientists, and scout out the exposures.

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$A tumulus, a small uplift of pāhoehoe lava, that has fractured to allow an escaping flow of lava.$

$The crust of the lava lake buckled and fractured as the lake level subsided, draining back into the Pu‘u Pua‘i vent.$

$Steam vents at Wahinekapu (Steaming Bluff) form along a system of relatively shallow fractures associated with normal faults in Kilauea Caldera. These fractures lie within the caldera, and release steam as groundwater encounters hot rock below.$ $Sulfer deposits at Ha‘akulamanu (Sulfer Banks). Hydrothermal vents occur along fractures associated with normal faults that form the northern border of the cauldera, and release SO<sub>2</sub> and other magmatic gasses, as well as water vapor.$